Computer class 9th

Computer class 9th 

CH:1   FUNDAMENTAL OF COMPUTER

 

Q1. Select the best answer for the following MCQs. 

i. Who invented logarithm? 

A. Blaise Pascal

B. John Napier 

C. Charles Babbage

D. Herman Hollerith

Correct answer is John Napier.

 

ii. Which generation of computer used transistor? 

A. 1st Generation of Computers

B. 2nd Generation of Computers

C. 3rd Generation of Computers

D. 4th Generation of Computers  

Correct answer is 2nd generation of computers.     

 

iii. In which generation of computer microprocessor was introduced? 

A. 1st Generation of Computers

B. 2nd Generation of Computers

C. 3rd Generation of Computers

D. 4th Generation of Computers

Correct answer is 4th generation of computer.

 

 iv. Which of the following computer supports thousands of users at the same time?

A. Microcomputer

B. Minicomputer 

C. Mainframe computer

C. Laptop computer 

Correct answer is Mainframe computer.

 

v. Who is responsible for protecting information and information systems from unauthorized  people.

A. System Analyst

B. Information Security Analyst 

C. Network Administrator

D. Hardware Engineer 

Correct answer is information security analyst.

 

vi. Which of the following is the fastest memory? 

A. USB flash drive

B. RAM 

C. ROM

D. Cache 

Correct answer is cache.

 

vii. What type of software a device driver is? 

A. Application software

B. Business software 

C. System software

D. Productivity software 

Correct answer is system software.

 

viii. Which of the following is volatile memory? 

A. RAM

B. ROM 

C. USB flash drive

D. Hard disk 

Correct answer is RAM.

 

ix. Which software is distributed free of cost for a limited period as a trial version? 

A. Open source software

B. Shareware 

C. Freeware

D. Productivity software 

Correct answer is shareware.

 

x. When were IC chips developed? 

A. Early 1960s

B. Early 1970s 

C. 1980s

D. 1990s 

Correct answer is Early 1960s.

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Q2. Write short answers of the following questions. 

 

Q1: Describe Napier’s Bone and Slide Rule.

ANS:- Napier’s Bone:-  John Napier a Scottish mathematician invented a calculating device called Napier bone in 1614.

Construction:-  It consisted of wooden box containing rotating cylinder each of which digit from 0-9.

Function:-  It could multiply, square root, simple addition and subtraction. His biggest achievement was invention of logarithm.

Slide rule:-  Based on the idea of logarithm , English mathematician ‘William Oughtred developed a device called slide rule in 1920s.

Construction:-  it consist of slide, rule and transparent sliding cursor.

Function:-  it was useful for solving problems that invented multiplications and divisions.

 

Q2: compare 1^st and 3^rd generation computers.

ANS:-   1^st generation computer:-

    First generation computer (1940-1956)

• John First generation computer use vacuum tube.
• Speed was very slow and memory was very small.
• They were huge in size taking cover room.
• They were very expensive and unreliable.
• They consume lot of power and generated lot of heat.
• Input was based on punched card.
• Output was based on printout by electric typewriter
• Machine language was use in this generation computers.

Example: UNIVAC,ENIAC, EDSAC, IBM604, Mark-1.

3^rd generation computer:-

    Third generation computer (1963-1971)

• John third generation computer used IC chips.
• IC chip improve the speed and memory capacity of computer.
• Computer consumed less electricity become smaller and cheaper.
• They are more reliable than first generation.
• Key board and monitor were used in this generation of computer.
• These computers could run different application program at the same time.

Example: IBM 6700, IBM system/360, system3, CDC 3300, CDC6600.

 

Q3: Differentiate between analog and digital computers.

ANS:-  

Analogue computer	Digital computer
Analogue computer accepts data in continuous or physical form.	Digital computer accepts data in form of discrete form (represent digits).
Fast processing speed.	Low processing speed.
Memory capacity is small.	Memory capacity is huge.
Special purpose computer.	General purpose computer.
Accuracy is less.	Accuracy is more.
No operational state.	Two operational states 0(ON)and 1(OFF).
These computers are used in scientific and mathematical calculations.	These are used in business, offices, banks, hospitals, airports etc.
G-WIN series, HMI, EC-1.	PCs, Macintosh comp.

 Q4: Ahmed class IX student is asking his father to replace his home computer CRT monitor with LCD monitor. How will you justify his demand?

ANS:-  LCD are smallest than CRT monitor. LCD required little space than CRT. LCD is uniform screen brightness that reduce or less prone specular glare. LCD is Flicker free than CRT monitor. LCD Require less energy than CRT Monitor. LCD Reduce the risk of headaches and eyestrain.

 

Q5: What happens if storage devices are removed from a computer?

ANS:-  Storage devices ore core function and fundamental component of computers. If storage devices ore removed from computer it will not possible to store data/information in it.

 

Q6: Differentiate between system software and application software.

ANS:-   System software is collection of programs which makes the use of computer easy and efficient. Highly experienced computer programmers develop system software.

Operating system, Device drivers, Utility programs,  Language processors.

 

Q7:-How can use computer to improve academic performance?

• ANS:-  Using computer applications increase the student motivation for learning management.
• Using computer applications creates the opportunity for students to be active in class and not passive.
• Using computer applications develops the student process of thinking critically.
• Using computer application lead to the development of student skills.
• Using computer application catch the attachment of student and increase their interest for learning management.

 

Q8:-give any three uses of computer in school library.

• ANS:-  User friendly interface.
• Advance search.
• Multiple access.
• Universal accessibility.
• Integration with other digital libraries.
• Network accessibility on internet.

 

Q9:-Name few house hold appliances in which microprocessor is used.

ANS:-  Microprocessor are not only used in computers, today it is also used in devices including mobile phones, cameras, machines, televisions, microwaves ovens.

 

Q10:-what are the task performed by operating system?

• ANS:-   It manages files and folders.
• It load programs in to main memory and executes them.
• It control the operation o input/output and storage devices.
• It detect hardware failures and display in form of messages.

       

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Q3.Write long answers of the following.

 

Q1:-Describe the five generation of computers.

ANS:-  1^st generation computer:-

    First generation computer (1940-1956)

•  First generation computer use vacuum tube.
• Speed was very slow and memory was very small.
• They were huge in size taking cover room.
• They were very expensive and unreliable.
• They consume lot of power and generated lot of heat.
• Input was based on punched card.
• Output was based on printout by electric typewriter
• Machine language was use in this generation computers.

Example: UNIVAC,ENIAC, EDSAC, IBM604, Mark-1.

    2^nd generation computer:-

      Second generation computer (1956-1963)

• Second generation computers use transistors.
• Transistors improved the side and speed capacity of computer.
• They consume less power as compare to vacuum tube.
• They were more reliable and cheaper.
• Assembly language was used in this computers.
• High level programming languages were introduced in this generation’s computers. such as COBOL.

Example: UNIVAC ll, IBM 7780,CDC1604.

  3^rd generation computer:-

    Third generation computer (1963-1971)

• John third generation computer used IC chips.
• IC chip improve the speed and memory capacity of computer.
• Computer consumed less electricity become smaller and cheaper.
• They are more reliable than first generation.
• Computer consumed less electricity become smaller and cheaper.
• They are more reliable than first generation.
• Key board and monitor were used in this generation of computer.
• These computers could run different application program at the same time.

Example: IBM 6700, IBM system/360, system3, CDC 3300, CDC6600.

   4^th generation computer:-

    Fourth generation computer (1971--)

• Microprocessor was developed in this generation.
• Fourth generation computers supports many portable devices such as input/output devices,.
• Graphical user interface GUI was introduced in this generation.
• Fourth generation computers are very small in size.
• These computers have large storage capacity.
• These computers support many software at a time such as text, sound etc.
• They consume less power.

Example of microprocessor: Dual Core, Core2Duo, Corei3, Corei5, Corei7, Corei9.

Example: IBM ThinkPad series, HP envy, Dell OptiPlex, Mac Book/pro.

  5^th generation computer:-

    Fifth generation computer (Present--)

• Fifth generation Computers are based on Artificial intelligence AI.
• These computers will allow users to give command in any natural language.
• AI will minimize the need to give command in any natural language such as English..
•  

 

Q2:- write a note on mainframe, minicomputer and microcomputer.

ANS:-  MAINFRAME COMPUTER

 Mainframe computers were developed in early 1940s. A mainframe computer is very large, powerful, expensive computer. They can support hundreds and even Thousands of users at same time. These types of computers are mainly use in large organizations such as Government, private organizations. These computers can execute more than trillions of intersections per seconds TIPs.

Example: HP16500 Series, EC196, 12, IBM Enterprise.

MINICOMPUTER:

Minicomputer was introduced in 1960s. when IC Chips were introduced. These computer are smaller than mainframe. These computer can executes Billions of instruction per second BIPS. These are used in large organizations Government, private organizations such as police, NADRA, AIRPOPRTs, Banks etc.

Example:IBM36, HP3000.

MICROCOMOPUTER:

Microcomputer are small in size and low cost computers. Microcomputer was introduced in 1970s when microprocessor was introduced. They are general purpose computer used in Homes, Offices etc. They have large storage capacity. They can process Millions of instruction per second MIPS. These are available in different forms like Desktop, Laptop, Tablet etc.

Example: Dell XPS, HP Envy, Apple MAC.

 

Q3:- Explain basic operations of computer.

ANS:-              

There are four basic operations of computer:

1:-INPUT OPERATION

2:-PROCESSING OPERATION

3:-STORAGE OPERATION

4:-OUTPUT OPERATION

INPUT OPERATION:   A computer is data processing machine. User must enter data in to the computer through input device. The input data are stored in memory for processing.

PROCESSING OPERATION:   Microprocessor process the data according to instruction. The microprocessor process and store in instruction register. The control unit decodes the instruction to find out which operation is being perform. After decode send signal to execute it.

STORAGE OPERATION:   After processing the result produced, result are stored in memory and display output.

OUTPUT OPERATION:   After stored the control unit display result through on monitor for display and printer for prints it.

 

 Q4:- Write short note on the following. 

ANS:- Hardware Engineer:-   Hardware engineers design and manufacture computer hardware. Their work also involves  repair and maintenance of computer hardware. They have in-depth knowledge of internal  working of computers system, circuit boards, electronic equipment etc.  

Network Administrator:-  Network administrators are responsible for installation, configuration and maintenance of  computer networks in organizations. They are in charge of maintenance of computer hardware  and software that make up a computer network. 

Database Administrator:-  Database administrator is a person who is responsible for the design, implementation and  maintenance of a database in an organization. He is also responsible for maintaining security  and monitoring the performance of database. 

Web Designer:-  Web designer is a person whose job is to plan and create websites. He designs web pages  that include text, images, sound, video clips and make the website interactive. HTML (Hypertext  Markup Language) is the most commonly used language for creating websites. 

Multimedia Designer:-  Multimedia designers are people who organize and present information in an easy to  understand and attractive manner. They combine text, graphics, animation, audio and video. They have the skills to edit and manipulate audio/video files. They usually  work in film/TV industry, advertising companies etc.

 

Q5:-Describe the following types of application software.  

   ANS:-  Productivity software:-  Productivity software includes word-processing, spreadsheet and database management  software packages. These software packages are used by individuals to speed up their daily  routine tasks by doing their work in an organized and efficient way.

Business Software:-  Any software that helps in running business in a more efficient way to improve  productivity is known as business software. Some examples of commonly used business  software are accounting, sales and marketing, payroll software.

Entertainment Software:- Software developed to entertain people is known as entertainment software. Video games  are one of the most popular forms of entertainment software. Many games are lot of fun to play  but sometimes they can also help to improve skills such as typing or reading.

Education Software:-  Software developed for educational purpose is known as education software. A large  variety of education software has been developed. Education software includes typing tutor,  spelling tutor, language learning etc.

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